导读
FIRE AND EMERGENCY 火灾与紧急情况
关键术语 KEY TERMS
ASTM International (ASTM): Globally recognized leader in the development and delivery of international voluntary consensus standards aStM members deliver the test methods, specifications, guides, and practices that support industries and governments worldwide
ASTM E2238- 12 standard Guide for Evacuation Route Diagrams: a standard intended to provide minimum guidelines for the design and placement of evacuation route diagrams (erds) used in buildings it covers the evacuation of building occupants when directed by emergency response authorities in emergencies such as fire, earthquake, and bomb threat
ISO 23601:2009 safety identification — Escape and Evacuation Plan signs: Standard that establishes design principles for displayed escape plans that contain information relevant to fire safety, escape, evacuation and rescue of the facility’s occupants these plans may also be used by intervention forces in case of emergency
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA): international nonprofit with a mission to reduce the worldwide burden of fire and other hazards on the quality of life by providing and advocating consensus codes and standards, research, training, and education
NFPA 72 National Fire Alarm and signaling Code: Standard that covers the application, installation, location, performance, inspection, testing, and maintenance of fire alarm systems, supervising station alarm systems, public emergency alarm reporting systems, fire warning equipment and emergency communications systems (eCS), and their components Provisions are expressed in prescriptive requirements with performance- based design methods and risk analysis requirements provided and essential for the proper design and integration of mass notification systems
NFPA 101 Life safety Code: Code standard that includes strategies to protect people based on building construction, protection, and occupancy features that minimize the effects of fire and related hazards the code has provisions for all types of occupancies, with requirements for egress, features of fire protection, sprinkler systems, alarms, emergency lighting, smoke barriers, and special hazard protection.
文件记录
Proper documentation is important for providing evidence of compliance with the law and the standards above. You must keep the following documents on file and available to auditors and other authorized personnel:
• training files (fire and emergency response)
• Site specific emergency response plan
• emergency / fire drill records
• equipment and alarm inspection records
• fire safety management plan and risk assessment
• others documents as required by local / country law
BEST PRACTICES 最佳做法
PRACTICE VARIOUS SCENARIOS 演习各种紧急情况的场景
Emergency drills should be used to practice various emergency scenarios. In an emergency, things seldom
go exactly to plan. Anticipate various scenarios (e.g. an exit is blocked by fire) and practice your response.
Evaluate the drill in an honest manner, identifying the issues, so you can address the deficiencies of your
response and provide corrective actions.
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